Alders – Mountain Alder*
Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia*
6 – 7.5m
water drop
water drop
fs
D
6
5
Alders – Red Alder*
Alnus rubra*
13 – 15 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
6
5
Amur Cherry
Prunus maackia
10.5 – 13.5 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
3
2
Amur Corktree
Phellodendron amurense
9 – 14 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
4
3
Amur Maackia
Maackia amurensis
6- 9m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
4
3
Antelope Bitterbrush*
Purshia tridentata*
1- 2m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
D
4
3
Ash – Green Ash
Fraxinus pennsylvanica
12 – 18 m
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
4
3
Ash – White Ash
Fraxinus americana
12 – 18 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
4
3
Aster
Aster spp.
0.15 – 1.8 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
N/A
4
3
Balloon Flower
Platycodon grandiflorus
75 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
4
3
Barberry
Berberis thunbergii
0.45 – 1.5 m
water drop
water drop
fs
D
5 – 10
4 – 9
Basket of Gold
Aurinia saxatalis
20 – 45 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
4
3
Beach Wormwood / Dusty Miller
Artemisia stelleriana
20 cm
water drop
water drop
fs
B
4
3
Beaked Hazelnut / Filbert *
Corylus cornuta*
1.2 – 2.4 m
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
5
4
Beardtongue / Penstemon
Penstemon spp.
10 – 120 cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Beebalm (Native) / Wild Bergamot
Monarda fistulosa
30 – 60 cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
N/A
4
3
Bergenia
Bergenia cordifolia
30 – 35 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Bitter Cherry*
Prunus emarginata*
15 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
5
4
Black Cherry
Prunus serotina
15 – 18 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
4
3
Black Walnut
Juglans nigra
12 – 18+ m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
5
4
Black-eyed Susan
Rudbeckia hirta
60 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
N/A
5
4
Blackgum / Black Tupelo
Nyssa sylvatica
9 – 15 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
4
3
Blanket Flower
Gaillardia sp.
20 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
N/A
4
3
Blue Grama Grass / Mosquito Grass
Bouteloua gracilis
30 cm
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
4
3
Blue Vervain
Verbena hastata
50 – 150 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
4
3
Blue-mist Spirea
Caryopteris x clandonensis
0.90 – 1.5 m
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
6
5
Blueberry
Vaccinium spp.
0.15 – 3.5 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
B, D
3 – 9
2 – 8
Bog Labrador Tea / Indian Tea / Labrador Tea*
Rhododendron groenlandicum*
0.50 – 01.5 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
3
2
Boneset
Eupatorium perfoliatum
50 – 100 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Boxwood, Common Box
Buxus sempervirens
1.5 – 4.6 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
6 – 7
5 – 6
Boxwood, Littleleaf Box
Buxus microphylla
0.9 – 1.2 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
5 – 7
4 – 6
Brown-eyed Susan
Rudbeckia fulgida
60 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
N/A
4
3
Buffaloberry / Indian Ice Cream / Soapberry / Soopalallie
Shepherdia spp.
1.8 – 3.0 m
water drop
fs
D
3
2
Buffalograss
Buchloe dactyloides
10 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
5
4
Bulrushes*
*Scirpus spp.
1 – 1.5 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
4
3
Burning Bush
Euonymus alatus ‘Compactus’
1.2 – 1.8 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
5
4
Butternut
Juglans cinerea
12 – 18 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
4
3
California lilac
Ceanothus impressus ‘Victoria’
1.5-2.4 m
water drop
water drop
fs
B
8
7
Canadian Violet*
Viola canadensis*
30 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Candytuft
Iberis sempervirens
23 – 30 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
4
3
Carpet Bugle
Ajuga reptans
10 – 25 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
5
4
Cascara
Rhamnus purshiana
9 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
6
5
Catalpa
Catalpa speciosa
12 – 15 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
5
4
Catmint
Nepeta faassenii
15 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Catmint (Short-Stalked)
Nepeta subsessilis
30 – 60 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
N/A
4
3
Ceanothus
Ceanothus ovatus
60 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
5
4
Chives
Allium sp.
30 – 60 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
5
4
Chokeberry
Aronia spp.
1.8 – 3 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
4 – 5
3 – 4
Chokecherry
Prunus virginiana
6- 9m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
D
3
2
Cinquefoil, Potentilla
Potentilla fruticosa
0.3 – 1.2 m
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
3
2
Clematis
Clematis spp.
1.5 – 1.8 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
ps
D
4 – 6
3 – 5
Climbing Hydrangea
Hydrangea anomala petiolaris
12 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
6
5
Climbing Hydrangea
Hydrangea anomala petiolaris
12 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
6
5
Climbing Rose
Rosa setigera
1.0 – 4.5 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
5
4
Clover
Trifolium spp.
10 – 20 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
4
3
Columbine
Aquilegia sp.
25 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
N/A
4
3
Common Hackberry
Celtis occidentalis
12 – 15 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
3
2
Common Harebell
Campanula rotundifolia
15 – 30 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Common Lilac
Syringa vulgaris
1.5 – 4.5 m
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
4
3
Coneflower
Echinacea spp.
60 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
N/A
5
4
Coral Bells / Heuchera
Heuchera sanguinea
30 – 50 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Coreopsis, Dwarf Mouse Ear
Coreopsis auriculata var. Nana
30 – 60 cm
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
4
3
Coreopsis, Tickseed
Coreopsis sp.
25 – 60 cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Cotoneaster, Cranberry
Cotoneaster apiculatus
90 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
5
4
Cotoneaster, Horizontal
Cotoneaster horizontalis
60 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
5
4
Cotoneaster, Peking
Cotoneaster acutifolius
1. 8 – 3 m
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
5
4
Cottoneaster, Bearberry
Cotoneaster dammeri
30 – 45 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
6
5
Crab Apple – Ornamental
Malus spp.
4.5 – 6 m
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
5 – 9
4 – 8
Cranberry Bush
Viburnum trilobum
1.2 – 3.5 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
3
2
Cranberry, High-bush*
Viburnum edule*
1.8 – 2.5 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
6
5
Cranesbill, Blood-red
Geranium sanguineum
10 – 30 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Cranesbill, Grayleaf
Geranium cinereum
10 – 15 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
5
4
Cranesbill, Wild Geranium
Geranium maculatum
45 – 75 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
6
5
Creeping Holly
Mahonia repens
30 – 45 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
4
3
Creeping Potentilla / Spring Cinquefoil
Potentilla neumanniana ‘Nana’
5 – 10 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
5
4
Crocus
Crocus sp.
6 – 14 cm
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
6 – 9
5 – 8
Currant, Alpine
Ribes alpinum
0.90 – 1.8 m
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
3
2
Currant, Prickly / Black Gooseberry
Ribes lacustre
0.5-2.0m
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
4
3
Currant, Red-flowering*
Ribes sanguineum*
3m
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
6
5
Cushion Spurge
Euphorbia polychroma
30 – 45 cm
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
4
3
Daffodil
Narcissus sp.
30 – 60 cm
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
5
4
Daphne, Carol Mackie
Daphne x burkwoodii
0.60 – 1.2 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
5
4
Daylily
Hemerocallis hybrids
30 – 120 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Delphinium
Delphinium sp.
30 – 210 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Devil’s club*
Oplopanas horridus*
1.8 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
sh
D
5
4
Dianthus / Garden Carnation / Pinks
Dianthus sp.
5 – 30 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Double Flowering Plum / Flowering Almond
Prunus triloba
3.5 – 4.5 m
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
4
3
Dusty Miller
Senecio cineraria
30 – 60 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
N/A
N/A
Dwarf Cherry Laurel
Prunus laurocerasus ‘Otto Luyken’
1.2-1.8 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
7
6
Eastern Redbud
Cercis canadensis
7.5 – 10.5 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
5
4
Elderberry
Sambucus spp.
1.5 – 9 m
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
4 – 6
3 – 5
European Beech
Fagus sylvatica
15 – 18 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
5
4
False Lupine
Thermopsis montana
60 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
False Rockcress
Aubrieta deltoidea
7.5 – 20 cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
5
4
Fescue, Blue
Festuca glauca
10 – 20 cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
5
4
Fescue, Chewings
Festuca rubra commutata
10 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Fescue, Creeping Red
Festuca rubra
5 – 7.5 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Fescue, Sheep
Festuca ovina
10cm
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
5
4
Fescue, Tall
Festuca arundinacea
10 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Firethorn / Pyrcantha
Pyracantha coccinea
1.8 – 5.5 m
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
7
6
Fireweed*
Epilobium angustifolium*
60 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Fleabane
Erigeron hybrids
<30 cm
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
5
4
Flowering Dogwood
Cornus florida
6- 9m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
6
5
Flowering Plum
Prunus cerasifera
4.5 – 9 m
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
D
5
4
Forsythia
Forsythia spp.
2.5 – 3 m
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
5 – 6
4 – 5
Fraser Photinia
Photinia x fraseri
4.5 – 6 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
9
8
Fringed Sage / Pasture Sage*
Artemisia frigida*
30 – 60 cm
water drop
fs
N/A
4
3
Gayfeather
Liatris sp.
60 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
5
4
Gazania
Gazania ringens
20 – 40 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
N/A
N/A
Geranium
Pelargonium sp.
30 – 45 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
N/A
N/A
Ginkgo / Maidenhair Tree
Ginkgo biloba
15 – 25 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
4
3
Glossy Abelia
Abelia x grandiflora
0.9-1.8 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
7
6
Golden Raintree
Koelreuteria paniculata
9 – 12 m
water drop
water drop
fs
D
6
5
Goldenrod*
Solidago canadensis*
30-175 cm
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
N/A
4
3
Grapes
Vitis spp.
6 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
6
5
Grey Lavender, Lavender Cotton, Santolina
Santolina chamaecyparis
30 – 60 cm
water drop
water drop
fs
D
7
6
Hardy Kiwi Vine
Actinidia kolomikta
6 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
ps
D
6
5
Hawthorn
Crataegus spp.
4.5 – 6 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
4 – 5
3 – 4
Heather
Calluna vulgaris
10 – 60 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
5
4
Hen-and-chicks
Sempervivum sp.
5 – 15 cm
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
5
4
Hollyhock
Alcea rosea
120 – 180 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
4
3
Honeylocust
Gleditsia triacanthos
9 – 21 m
water drop
water drop
fs
D
4
3
Honeysuckle
Lonicera sp.
spread 3+ m
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
5
4
Hops
Humulus lupulus
5 m
water drop
water drop
fs
D
6
5
Hornbeam
Carpinus betulus
12 – 18 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
5
4
Horsechestnut
Aesculus hippocastanum
12 – 15 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
4
3
Hosta / Plantain Lily
Hosta sp.
15 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Huckleberry, Evergreen
Vaccinium ovatum
1 – 2m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
8
7
Huckleberry, Red
Vaccinium parvifolium
1.2 – 4.0m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
6
5
Ice Plant – Purple
Delosperma cooperi
2.5 – 10 cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
6
5
Ice Plant – Yellow
Delosperma nubigenum
2.5 – 7.5 cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
5
4
Indian Potato, Spring Beauty*
Claytonia lanceolata*
15 – 45 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
6
5
Iris
Iris hybrids
40 – 60 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
4
3
Jacob’s Ladder
Polemonium spp.
30 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
3
2
Jacob’s Ladder
Polemonium spp.
30 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
3
2
Japanese Kerria
Kerria japonica
0.9 – 1.8 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
ps
D
5
4
Japanese Pagoda Tree
Sophora japonica
15 – 21 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
5
4
Japanese Pieris
Pieris japonica
2.7 – 3.6 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
6
5
Japanese Spurge
Pachysandra terminalis
15 – 20 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
6
5
Joe Pye Weed
Eupatorium maculatum
1 – 1.5 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
6
5
Junegrass
Koeleria macrantha
30 – 60 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
5
4
Kentucky Bluegrass
Poa pratensis
10cm
This species is in a category of it’s own – it uses 890-1020 mm (35-40 inches) per year, almost double the High Category.
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Kentucky Coffee Tree
Gymnocladus dioicus
12 – 15 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
4
3
Kinnickinnick
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
10 – 20 cm
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
B
3
2
Lady’s Mantle
Alchemilla sp.
30 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
4
3
Lady’s Mantle
Alchemilla sp.
30 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
ps
N/A
4
3
Lamb’s Ears
Stachys byzantina
30-38 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
5
4
Lamb’s Ears
Stachys byzantina
30 – 38 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
5
4
Lantana
Lantana sp.
45 – 75 cm
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
N/A
N/A
Lavender
Lavandula sp.
30 – 60 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
N/A
5
4
Leopard’s Bane
Doronicum sp.
30 – 60 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
5
4
Leopard’s Bane
Doronicum sp.
30 – 60 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
5
4
Lily
Lilium sp.
60 – 180 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
5 – 6
4 – 5
Lily-of-the-valley
Convallaria majalis
<30 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
sh
N/A
3
2
Lily-turf
Liriope spicata
20 – 30 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
5
4
Linden
Tilia spp.
18 – 20 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
3 – 6
2 – 5
London Planetree
Platanus acerifolia
21 – 30 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
5
4
Lupine, Bigleaf*
Lupinus polyphyllus*
150 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
N/A
6
5
Lupine, Russell Hybrids
Lupinus hybrids
45 – 120 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
5
4
Madrone*
Arbutus menziesii*
6 – 30 m
water drop
water drop
fs
D
8
7
Mahala Mat*
Ceanothus prostratus*
2.5 – 7.5 cm
water drop
water drop
fs
D
7
6
Maple – Japanese Maple
Acer palmatum
4.5 – 7.5 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
ps
Bee
D
6 – 7
5 – 6
Maple – Red Maple
Acer rubrum
12 – 18 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
D
4
3
Maple – Rocky Mountain Maple*
Acer glabrum*
3 – 4.5 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
5
4
Maple – Silver Maple
Acer saccharinum
15 – 21 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
D
4
3
Maple – Vine Maple*
Acer circinatum*
4.5 – 6 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
5
4
Maples – Amur Maple
Acer ginnala
4.5 – 6 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
3
2
Maples – Bigleaf Maple
Acer macrophyllum
9 – 23 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
D
6
5
Mariposa Lily*
Calochortus macrocarpus*
50 cm
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
N/A
4
3
Mayday Tree
Prunus padus commutata
9 – 12 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
4
3
Mexican Hat / Prairie Coneflower
Ratibida columnifera
60 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
N/A
4
3
Missouri Goldenrod / Prairie Goldenrod / Smooth Goldenrod*
Solidago missourinesis*
30 – 60 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
N/A
4
3
Mock Orange
Philadelphus sp.
1.8 – 2.4 m
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
5
4
Monkshood*
Aconitum spp.*
45 – 60 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Moss Phlox
Phlox subulata
10 – 15 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
4
3
Mulberry
Morus alba
9 – 15 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
5
4
Muttongrass*
Poa fendleriana*
30 – 60 cm
water drop
water drop
ps
N/A
4
3
Nanking Cherry
Prunus tomentosa
1.8 – 3 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
3
2
Nepal Cinquefoil
Potentilla nepalensis
45 – 60cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
6
5
Ninebark
Physocarpus opulifolius
1.5 – 3 m
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
3
2
Nodding Onion
Allium cernum
30 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
N/A
4
3
Northern Bedstraw*
Galium boreale*
<30 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
sh
N/A
6
5
Oakleaf Hydrangea
Hydrangea quercifolia
1.2 – 1.8 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
6
5
Oaks – Bur Oak
Quercus macrocarpa
21 – 24 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
3
2
Oaks – Garry Oak*
Quercus garryana*
12 – 27 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
7
6
Oaks – Pin Oak
Quercus palustris
15 – 21 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
5
4
Oaks – Red Oak
Quercus rubra
18 – 23 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
5
4
Oaks – White Oak
Quercus alba
15 – 25 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
4
3
Oceanspray
Holodiscus discolor
1.8 – 2.7 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
6
5
Old Man’s Whiskers / Prairie Smoke*
Geum triflorum*
45 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
6
5
Orchardgrass
Dactylis glomerata
30 – 60 cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
6
5
Orchid Rockrose
Cistus purpureus
0.90 – 1.20 m
water drop
water drop
fs
B
9
8
Oregon Boxwood
Paxistima myrtifolia
0.30 – 1.2 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
6
5
Oregon Grape
Berberis aquifolium, Mahonia aquifolium
1.5 – 1.8 m
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
B
4
3
Oriental Poppy
Papaver orientale
60 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Pacific Rhododendron*
Rhododendron macrophylum*
1.8 – 3.6 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
7
6
Painted Daisy
Tanacetum coccineum
60 cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
6
5
Pansy
Viola sp.
15 – 20 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
N/A
N/A
Pasque Flower
Pulsatilla patens
30 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
6
5
Pear
Pyrus spp.
9 – 15 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
4 – 9
3 – 8
Pearly Everlasting
Anaphalis margaritacea
20 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
5
4
Perennial Flax
Linum perenne
30 – 50 cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
3
2
Perennial Ryegrass
Lolium perenne
10 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
6
5
Perennial Salvia / Sage
Salvia spp.
30 – 120 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
N/A
4 – 6
3 – 5
Perrenial Sweet Pea
Lathyrus latifolius
1.8-2.7 m
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
4
3
Pin Cherry*
Prunus pennsylvanica*
12 m
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
D
3
2
Point Reyes Ceanothus
Ceanothus gloriosus
30 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
8
7
Poplars – Cottonwood*
Populus spp.*
40 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
3 – 4
2 – 3
Poplars – Quaking Aspen / Trembling Aspen
Populus tremuloides
9 – 12 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
2
1
Poppy
Papaver rhoeas
60 cm
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
N/A
N/A
N/A
Portuguese Laurel
Prunus lusitanica
3 – 6 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
8
7
Prickly Pear Cactus*
Opuntia polycantha*
5 – 60 cm
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
4
3
Primrose
Oenothera spp.
15 – 30 cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Privet
Ligustrum spp.
1.8 – 4.5 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
4 – 9
3 – 8
Purple-Leaf Sand Cherry
Prunus cistena
2- 3m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
3
2
Pussytoes
Antennaria rosea
10 – 30 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
5
4
Quince
Chaenomeles spp.
0.6 – 3 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
5
4
Rabbitbrush / Rabbitbush
Ericameria nauseosa
1m
water drop
fs
Bee
D
4
3
Raspberry
Rubus sp.
2 – 150 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
4 – 6
3 – 5
Red Valerian
Centranthus ruber
60 – 75 cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
5
4
Red-Hot Poker
Kniphofia uvaria
30 – 120 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
5
4
Redosier Dogwood / Red-twig Dogwood
Cornus sericea
2.1 – 3m
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
3
2
Rock Daphne
Daphne cneorum
30 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
ps
B
5
4
Rockcress
Arabis sp.
<30 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
4
3
Rose of Sharon
Hibiscus syriacus
2.5 – 3.5 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
6
5
Rose, Rugosa
Rosa rugosa ‘Hansa’
1.5 – 1.8 m
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
3
2
Rose, Wood’s*
Rosa woodsii*
0.90 – 1.8 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
5
4
Russian Sage
Perovskia atriplicifolia
90 – 150 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
N/A
5
4
Ryegrass
Lolium spp.
30 – 80 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
5 – 7
4 – 6
Salal
Gaultheria shallon
0.30 – 3 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
7
6
Salvia
Salvia spp.
15 – 45 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
N/A
N/A
N/A
Sand Dropseed*
Sporobolus cryptandrus*
1m
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
6
5
Sandberg Bluegrass*
Poa secunda*
30 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
3
2
Saskatoon /Serviceberry
Amelanchier sp.
2.5 – 3.5 m
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
5
4
Sassafras
Sassafras albidum
9 – 18 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
5
4
Saxifrage
Saxifraga hirsuta
15 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
6
5
Scarlet Gilia*
Ipomopsis aggregata*
30 – 60 cm
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
8
7
Schubert Chokecherry
Prunus virginiana ‘Schubert’
6 – 9 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
4
3
Sea Pinks
Armeria maritima
15 – 30 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Sea-lavender / Statice
Limonium latifolium
75 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
5
4
Sedges
Carex spp.
30 – 45 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
5 – 9
4 – 8
Sedum / Stonecrop (creeping)
Sedum sp.
5 – 30 cm
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
4
3
Sedum / Stonecrop (upright)
Sedum spectabile
30 – 45 cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
N/A
4
3
Sensitive Fern
Onoclea sensibilis
50 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
ps-sh
N/A
5
4
Shasta Daisy
Leucanthemum x superbum
60 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
5
4
Shooting Star
Dodecatheon meadia
50 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
ps-sh
N/A
5
4
Siberian Peashrub
Caragana arborescens
4.5 – 6 m
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
3
2
Silver Lupine*
Lupinus argenteus*
30 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
ps
N/A
4
3
Silver Spreader
Artemisia caucasica
15 – 20 cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
5
4
Silverberry
Elaeagnus commutata
1. 8 – 3.5 m
water drop
water drop
fs
D
3
2
Smoke Tree
Cotinus coggygria
3 – 4. 5 m
water drop
water drop
fs
D
5
4
Snapdragon
Antirrhinum majus
60 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
N/A
N/A
Snow-In-Summer
Cerastium tomentosum
15 – 30 cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
4
3
Snowberry
Symphoricarpos albus
1.2 – 1.8 m
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
4
3
Soapwort
Saponaria sp.
10 – 23 cm
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
3
2
Society Garlic
Tulbaghia violacea
30 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
8
7
Speedwell / Veronica
Veronica spicata
2.5 – 15 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Spirea
Spiraea spp.
0.60 – 1.2 m
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
4
3
Spirea, Hardhack / Western
Spiraea douglasii
0.90 – 1.8 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
5
4
Squirreltail Grass*
Elymus elymoides*
30 – 60 cm
water drop
water drop
ps
N/A
4
3
Staghorn Sumac
Rhus typhina
4.5 – 7.5 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
4
3
Strawberry Tree
Arbutus unedo
1.8-4.5 m
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
8
7
Strawberry, Wild*
Fragaria sp.*
20 – 25 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
6
5
Sulphur Buckwheat / Sulphur Flower*
Eriogonum umbellatum*
30 – 90 cm
water drop
fs
Bee
N/A
5
4
Sumac, Fragrant
Rhus aromatica
0.6 – 1.8 m
water drop
fs-psh
D
4
3
Sumac, Oakleaf
Rhust trilobata
2.1 m
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
4
3
Sumac, Smooth
Rhus glabra
2.75 – 4.5 m
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
3
2
Sun Rose
Helianthemum nummularium
30 – 50 cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Swamp Milkweed
Asclepias incarnata
1.2 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
4
3
Sweet AlyssumLobularia maritima
Lobularia maritima
30 cm
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
N/A
N/A
N/A
Sweet Pea
Lathyrus odoratus
2m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
N/A
N/A
Sweetgum
Liquidambur styraciflua
18 – 23 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
6
5
Tallhedge Glossy Buckthorn
Rhamnus frangula
2.5 – 3.5 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
3
2
Tatarian Honeysuckle
Lonicera tatarica
3 – 3.5 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
4
3
Thrift
Armeria maritima
15 – 25 cm
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
5
4
Thyme
Thymus spp.
1 cm
water drop
water drop
fs
B
4 – 6
3 – 5
Trumpet Vine
Campsis radicans
6 – 12 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
5
4
Tulip
Tulipa sp.
15 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
5
4
Tulip Tree
Liriodendron tulipifera
21 – 27 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
D
5
4
Virginia Bluebells
Mertensia virginica
50 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
ps
N/A
4
3
Virginia Creeper
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
9 – 15+ m
water drop
water drop
–
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-sh
D
4
3
Water Birch*
Betula occidentalis*
6 – 9 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
3
2
Weeping Willow
Salix babylonica
9 – 12 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
D
6
5
Western Azalea
Rhododendron occidentale
1.5 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
7
6
Western Chokecherry*
Prunus virginiana*
5.5 – 7.5 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
3
2
Western Mountain Ash*
Sorbus scopulina*
5m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
3 – 5
2 – 4
Western Sandcherry
Prunus besseyi
1.2 – 1.8 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
Bee
D
4
3
Wheatgrass, Crested
Agropyron cristatum
50 – 100 cm
water drop
fs
N/A
4
3
Wheatgrass, Western*
Pascopyrum smithii*
30 – 90 cm
water drop
water drop
fs
N/A
6
5
Wild Ginger, Winterfat*
Asarum caudatum*
10 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
ps
N/A
8
7
Willow
Salix spp.
1.8 – 3 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs
Bee
D
3
2
Windflower
Anemone blanda
15 – 30 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
6
5
Wintercreeper
Euonymus fortunei
10 – 15 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-sh
B
5
4
Wintergreen
Gaultheria procumbens
15 cm
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
B
4
3
Wisteria
Wisteria spp.
10 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
7
6
Witchhazel
Hamamelis spp.
1.8 – 9 m
water drop
water drop
water drop
fs-psh
D
4 – 6
3 – 5
Yarrow
Achillea sp.
15 – 90 cm
water drop
fs
Bee
N/A
5
4
Yucca
Yucca filamentosa
60 – 90 cm
water drop
fs-psh
N/A
5
4